110 in the Shade
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110 in the Shade
Book by N. Richard Nash
110 in the Shade is a musical with a book by N. Richard Nash, lyrics by Tom Jones, and music by Harvey Schmidt.
Based on Nash’s 1954 play The Rainmaker, it focuses on Lizzie Curry, a spinster living on a ranch in the American southwest, and her relationships with local sheriff File, a cautious divorcé who fears being hurt again, and charismatic con man Bill Starbuck, posing as a rainmaker who promises the locals he can bring relief to the drought-stricken area. Nash’s book is faithful to his original play, although all the interior scenes were moved outdoors to allow for the addition of townspeople for ensemble numbers and dances. Many of Jones’ lyrics come directly from Nash’s play.
Productions and Background
Following the success of The Fantasticks, the project was the composing team’s first for Broadway. The original score was almost operatic in scope, and when the show’s running time in Boston proved to be too long, the creative team began trimming numbers,[1] eventually discarding nearly as many as were heard in the finished product.
After two previews, the production, directed by Joseph Anthony and choreographed by Agnes de Mille, opened on October 24, 1963 at the Broadhurst Theatre, where it ran for 330 performances. The cast included Robert Horton as Starbuck, Inga Swenson as Lizzie, and Stephen Douglass as File, with Will Geer, Lesley Ann Warren, and Gretchen Cryer in supporting roles. The sets were by Oliver Smith and costumes by Motley.
The Original Cast RecordingTony Award nominations went to Schmidt and Jones as Best Composer and Lyricist, Swenson as Best Actress in a Musical, Geer as Best Featured Actor in a Musical, and Anthony for his direction. An original cast recording was released by RCA Victor.
The West End production, directed by Emile Littler, opened on February 8, 1967 at the Palace Theatre, where it ran for 101 performances.[2]
A 1992 New York City Opera production, directed by Scott Ellis and choreographed by Susan Stroman, starred Karen Ziemba as Lizzie. The score was heard to particular advantage here, as the opera company orchestra was appreciably larger than the conventional Broadway pit orchestra.[3] A 1999 2-CD studio recording released by Jay Records features Ziemba, Walter Charles, Ron Raines, Kristin Chenoweth, and Schmidt and Jones.[4]
In 1999, a concert version was staged at the Fortune Theatre in London by Ian Marshall Fisher for the Discovering Lost Musicals Charitable Trust, with Louise Gold as Lizzie. For this production only a piano accompaniment was used, and the cast was unmiked.[5]
2007 Revival
A Broadway revival presented by the Roundabout Theater Company and opened on May 9, 2007 at Studio 54 and closed July 29, 2007, with 94 performances and 27 previews. It was directed by Lonny Price, set and costume design by Santo Loquasto, lighting design by Christopher Akerlind, sound design by Dan Moses Schreier, hair and wig design by Tom Watson, dance music arranged by David Krane, dialect coaching by Stephen Gabis, production stage managing by Peter Hanson, fight directing by Rick Sordelet, orchestrations by Jonathan Tunick, and choreography by Dan Knechtges. The orchestra was Paul Gemignani (musical director), Mark Mitchell (associate conductor/keyboard), Sylvia D’Avanzo (violin), Sean Carney (violin), Joseph Gottesman (viola), Roger Shell (cello), Susan Rotholz (flute/piccolo), Rick Heckman (woodwinds), Eric Weidman (woodwinds), Don McGeen (woodwinds), Dominic Derasse (trumpet), Mike Ponella (trumpet), Bruce Eidem (trombone), Jennifer Hoult (harp), John Beal (bass), and Paul Pizutti (drums/percussion).
The cast included Audra McDonald (Lizzie Curry), John Cullum (H.C. Curry), Steve Kazee (Starbuck), Chris Butler (Noah Curry), Carla Duren (Snookie), Christopher Innvar (File), Bobby Steggert (Jim Curry), Elisa Van Duyne (Lily Ann Beasley), Colleen Fitzpatrick (Odetta Clark), Valisia Lekae Little (Vivian Lorraine Taylor/Kid), Darius Nichols (Clarence J. Taylor), Mamie Parris (Swing), Devin Richards (Curjith “Curt” Mcglaughlin), Michael Scott (Reverend Clark), Will Swenson (Cody Bridger), Matt Wall (Swing), and Betsy Wolfe (Katheryn Brawner). A cast album of this production was released on the PS Classics label.
McDonald won the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Actress in a Musical for her performance. The revival garnered five Tony Award nominations but no wins. Beginning June 28, 2010, McDonald will reprise her Tony-nominated role in a two-week fundraising event for the Hale Center Theater in Orem, Utah.[6]
Run
Dates |
Type & Version |
Theatre |
|
Oct 24, 1963 - Aug 8, 1964 |
Musical / Original |
Broadhurst Theatre, NY, USA |
|
Feb 08, 1967 - 101 performances |
Musical / Original |
Palace Theatre, West End, London, UK |
|
Jul 04, 1999-Jul 25 1999, |
Musical / Revival/ Concert version |
Fortune Theatre, West End, Lonodn,UK |
|
May 9, 2007 - Jul 29, 2007 |
Musical / Revival |
Studio 54 Theatre, NY, USA |
Casts
1963 Original Production
| Stephen Douglass | File | |
| Robert Horton | Bill Starbuck | |
| Inga Swenson | Lizzie Curry |
| George Church | Toby | |
| Will Geer | H. C. Curry | |
| Steve Roland | Noah Curry | |
| Scooter Teague | Jimmy Curry | |
| Lesley Warren | Snookie |
| Don Atkinson | Townsperson | |
| Barbara Bossert | Townsperson | |
| Lynne Broadbent | Townsperson | |
| Don Crabtree | Geshy Toops | |
| Gretchen Cryer | Townsperson | |
| Dori Davis | Townsperson | |
| Diane Deering | Mrs. Jensen | |
| Townsperson | ||
| Frank Derbas | Townsperson | |
| Jerry Dodge | Gil Demby | |
| Townsperson | ||
| Renee Dudley | Belinda | |
| Clifford Fearl | Townsperson | |
| Leslie Franzos | Olive Barrow | |
| Townsperson | ||
| Ben Gillespie | Townsperson | |
| Loren Hightower | Wally Skacks, III | |
| Townsperson | ||
| Carolyn Kemp | Townsperson | |
| Lucia Lambert | Townsperson | |
| Urylee Leonardos | Townsperson | |
| Paula Lloyd | Townsperson | |
| David London | Townsperson | |
| Vernon Lusby | Bo Dollivan | |
| Townsperson | ||
| Carl Nicholas | Wally Skacks | |
| Townsperson | ||
| Stan Page | Townsperson | |
| Seth Riggs | Phil Mackey | |
| Donna Sanders | Townsperson | |
| Robert Shepard | Mr. Curtis | |
| Evelyn Taylor | Maurine Toops | |
| Townsperson | ||
| Esther Villavicencio | Townsperson | |
| Christopher Votos | Tommy | |
| Arthur Whitfield | Townsperson | |
| Florence Willson | Townsperson |
| Standbys: Joan Fagan (Lizzie Curry) and Seth Riggs (Bill Starbuck) |
| Understudies: Don Crabtree (Noah Curry), Jerry Dodge (Jimmy Curry), Vernon Lusby (Toby), Carl Nicholas (Toby), Stan Page (File), Robert Shepard (H. C. Curry) and Florence Willson (Snookie) |
2007 Revival Cast
| John Cullum | H. C. Curry | |
| Steve Kazee | Bill Starbuck | |
| Audra McDonald | Lizzie Curry |
| Chris Butler | Noah Curry | |
| Carla Duren | Snookie | |
| Colleen Fitzpatrick | Odetta Clark | |
| Christopher Innvar | File | |
| Valisia Lekae Little | Vivian Lorraine Taylor | |
| Darius Nichols | Clarence | |
| Clarence J. Taylor | ||
| Devin Richards | Curjith (Curt) McGlaughlin | |
| Michael Scott | Reverend Clark | |
| Bobby Steggert | Jimmy Curry | |
| Will Swenson | Cody Bridger | |
| Elisa Van Duyne | Lily Ann Beasley | |
| Betsy Wolfe | Katheryn Brawner |
| Swings: Mamie Parris and Matt Wall |
| Understudies: Colleen Fitzpatrick (Lizzie Curry), Valisia Lekae Little (Snookie), Darius Nichols (Jimmy Curry), Devin Richards (Noah Curry), Michael Scott (File, H. C. Curry) and Will Swenson (Bill Starbuck) |
Video
Musical Numbers
Act I“Another Hot Day” “Lizzie’s Coming Home” “Love, Don’t Turn Away” “Poker Polka” “The Hungry Men” “The Rain Song” “You’re Not Foolin’ Me” “Cinderella” “Raunchy” “A Man and a Woman” “Old Maid” |
Act Two“Evenin’ Star” (added for the 2007 revival) “Everything Beautiful Happens at Night” “Melisande” “Simple Little Things” “Little Red Hat” “Is It Really Me?” “Wonderful Music” “The Rain Song” (Reprise)
|
Plot
Act I
It’s the Fourth of July in 1936, in the small town of Three Point in the Southwestern U.S., where a blistering heat wave has the local sheriff, File, and the other townsfolk forever eyeing the sky (“Another Hot Day”). Elsewhere in town, on the ranch of widower H.C. Curry, the air is also charged with anticipation, due to the imminent arrival of H.C.’s daughter (“Lizzie’s Coming Home”), who’s been off visiting friends of the family (pseudo-relatives “Uncle” Ned and “Aunt” Marabelle and their sons) in [Sweetwater]. The trip was designed to find Lizzie a husband, but to no avail: as at home, her intelligence, sharp wit, and insecurities proved her undoing. H.C. and his sons, Jim and Noah, hatch a plan to invite Sheriff File to the annual picnic lunch, where Lizzie can impress him with her prettiest party dress and tastiest picnic basket. Reluctant at first, but then allowing herself to dream just a bit, Lizzie agrees (“Love Don’t Turn Away”).
Sheriff File, unfortunately, proves immune to every enticement the Curry boys offer (“Poker Polka”). His mind is more on “some sort of outlaw” heading into town, a fellow named Tornado Johnson; besides he knows a fix-up when he sees one, and as he puts it, “I can mend my own shirts.” Jim and Noah depart, but H.C. stays behind to tell File he knows the lie File’s been living: that File’s not a widower, as he claims to be—that his wife ran out on him. H.C. sees a man who’s lonely and shut off, one who needs “a lot more mendin’ than shirts,” but File grows angry and defensive, and H.C. leaves him be.
As the ladies at the picnic grounds await the arrival of “The Hungry Men”, File is noticeably not among them, and although her father and brothers do their best to console her, Lizzie feels the sting of File’s rejection. Jim suggests she’d have more luck if she flirted more—played down her intelligence and told men what they wanted to hear: like Lily Ann Beasley, who has all the men in town weak in the knees. But Lizzie is resolute in her vision of a husband: “I want him to stand up straight—and I want to be able to stand up straight to him!”
Suddenly, something sounds like a dry, rattling crack of summer thunder, and with it appears a handsome stranger who introduces himself as “Starbuck—Rainmaker.” His bold promises include the town into a revivalist frenzy (“The Rain Song”), and H.C. plunks down a hundred dollars for the promise of rain within twenty-four hours. But Lizzie sees through Starbuck’s pretenses, and he instantly sees through hers (“You’re Not Foolin’ Me”). His accusations touch a nerve, and as he exits, a childhood song runs through her head (“Cinderella”) that darkens her mood further. Feeling a need to “get out of me for a while,” she imagines a different sort of Lizzie Curry (“Raunchy”).
File appears unexpectedly at the picnic grounds and, still insistent that he has a right to be alone, nonetheless reaches out to Lizzie, coming clean about his past and, almost despite himself, revealing old wounds (“A Man and a Woman”). But as they start to open up to each other, Lizzie’s candid comments—and her feeble attempts to retract them—drive File away in a fury. Her family appears instantly to grill her, and Noah lashes out at her father’s efforts to console her, insisting she accept the reality that she’s going to end up alone. Lizzie, with terror in her heart, faces her future (“Old Maid”).
Act II
As twilight approaches, lovers still haunt the picnic grounds. Starbuck is there as well, alone and quiet, doing a bit of soul-searching (“Evenin’ Star”, added for the 2007 revival). The others merely admire the majesty of the night sky (“Everything Beautiful Happens At Night”). For Lizzie, though, twilight means putting an end to her daydreams. And yet, still in search of something she can’t quite define, she finds herself drawn to Starbuck’s camp. Sensing her discontent, he encourages her to dream again—this time far beyond her small-town horizons (“Melisande”). Instinctively defensive, as before, Lizzie counters that her dreams are just a different kind (“Simple Little Things”), but feeling that she’ll never get what she wants, she breaks down. Starbuck grabs her, encouraging her to see herself through her own eyes, and not as she fears others view her; he takes the pins out of her hair and insists she recognize her own beauty. The lights fade as they begin to make love.
Back at the picnic area, Jim is boasting of his own Fourth of July adventures (“Little Red Hat”) when File arrives to tell the Curry clan that he’s on the lookout for Tornado Johnson—aka rainmaker Starbuck. He understands that H.C. gave him a hundred dollars for the promise of rain, but H.C., well aware that Lizzie is with Starbuck, refuses to reveal his whereabouts. Noah is shocked that his father is willing to leave Lizzie alone with a conman, but H.C. understands his daughter’s needs, “even if it’s only one minute—with a man talkin’ quiet and his hand touchin’ her face.” And back at Starbuck’s tent, that’s precisely what’s happening, as Starbuck shares a difficult secret: “I never made rain in my life! Not a single raindrop!” Lizzie counsels him that “it’s not good to live in your dreams,” but he notes that it’s not good to live outside of them, either. She concluded that best way to live is “somewhere between the two” (“Is It Really Me?”).
As the Curry family awaits Lizzie’s arrival, the mood is silent and tense. But she appears joyous and transformed (“I’ve got a new beau!”), and when File arrives to arrest Starbuck, the entire Curry clan defends him. Starbuck implores Lizzie to join him in his travels, and File—suddenly aware of what he needs and what he might lose—steps forward to plead his own case (“Wonderful Music”). Lizzie, with a new sense of her own worth, makes her decision. As Starbuck exits for parts unknown, a low rumble of thunder ushers in a sudden cloudburst, less than twenty-four hours of his arrival. And as the townspeople revel at the heavy downpour (“The Rain Song” reprise), Lizzie and File rejoice in the promise of hope and renewal that that rainfall brings.
References
1. Suskin, Steven. “Show Tunes (2000). Oxford University Press US. ISBN 0-19-512599-1, p. 307 LOOK
2. 110 In the Shade Listing guide to musical theatre.com, retrieved January 8, 2010
3. Rothstein, Edward.Review/Music; Bang a Drum, Bind a Mule’s Legs And Let the Heavens Pour Forth”The New York Times, July 21, 1992
4. 110 in the Shade listing amazon.com, retrieved January 8, 2010
5. Review, 110 in the Shade qsulis.demon.co.uk, retrieved January 8, 2010
6.”Tony-Award winner to star in Hale Center show”
Open a New Window: The Broadway Musical in the 1960s by Ethan Mordden, published by Palgrave (2001), pages 96–99 (ISBN 0-312-23952-1) Look
Category: Musical
